The parts you will need.
Arduino relay transistor diode.
Diode acts as a protection for transistor against back emf induced through relay coil during transit conditions.
The design of the circuit is described here.
B sc engineer in electrical and electronic engineering.
1 x 1n4001 diode.
An ac bulb is used for demonstration.
Resistor adjusts input current from arduino to the transistor.
2 x 220ω resistors.
We have connected transistor base to arduino pin a0 through a 1k resistor.
In this project the npn transistor 2n2222 drives the relay when the npn junction gets saturated.
The following picture depicts how to connect the different parts using a solderless breadboard jumper wires a transistor a diode a relay a push button and two 10k resistors.
In this arduino relay control circuit we have used arduino to control the relay via a bc547 transistor.
The coil of the relay needs a large current around 150ma to drive the relay which an arduino cannot provide.
Just a simple circuit that contains our transistor diode resistor and of course the relay.
The coil of the relay needs a large current around 150ma to drive the relay which an arduino cannot provide.
Circuit diagram and working.
The optocoupler is the most important part it isolates the circuit from the relay using.
The project is used to demonstrate the high voltage driving capabilities of a relay using arduino uno.
Therefore we need a device to amplify the current.
Therefore we need a device to amplify the current.
1 x tip120 darlington transistor is recommended but any one that will handle your relay will work.
The base terminal of the 2n2222 transistor is connected to any of the digital i o pin of the arduino through a 1kω current limiting diode in this project base is connected to pin 7 of arduino.
The following arduino program completes the post.
Arduino board jumper wires breadboard.
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In this project the npn transistor 2n2222 drives the relay when the npn junction gets saturated.
1 x sharp pc817 optocoupler.
Transistor acts as a switch to control the 12v to relay coil.